Monday, January 9, 2012

CreditUnionJrnl: The Credit Union Journal Daily is out! http://t.co/S4Nwt6DU ? Top stories today via @motleyfoolmoney @davidjoachim @cuinsight

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Scientists map the frontiers of vision

Friday, January 6, 2012

There's a 3-D world in our brains. It's a landscape that mimics the outside world, where the objects we see exist as collections of neural circuits and electrical impulses.

Now, scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies are using new tools they developed to chart that world, a key step in revolutionizing research into the neurological basis of vision.

For the first time, the scientists have produced neuron-by-neuron maps of the regions of the mouse brain that process different kinds of visual information, laying the groundwork for decoding the circuitry of the brain using cutting-edge, genetic research techniques only possible in mice.

"In the field of cognitive research, this puts the mouse on the map - by putting the map on the mouse," says James Marshel, a Salk research associate. Marshel and Marina Garrett, a graduate student at University of California San Diego, were lead authors on a paper reporting the advance in the December 22 issue of Neuron.

To understand the extraordinarily complex computations of the human brain, including those behind visual cognition, scientists have mostly relied on studies on primates, such as monkeys, our closest relatives in the animal kingdom, and the most like us in terms of cognitive ability.

Researchers have identified what portions of the primate brain process different aspects of the sensory information they gather from the outside world. In particular, a great deal is known about what regions of the primate brain process certain visual information, helping them identify objects and follow their movements in three-dimensional space.

"We've learned a lot about how our eyes feed information to our brains, and a huge portion of our brain is devoted to processing this information," says Edward Callaway, a professor in Salk's Systems Neurobiology Laboratory, whose laboratory conducted the research. "Vision is a terrific system for understanding how the brain works and, ultimately, for studying mental diseases and consciousness."

Powerful new scientific tools are emerging that could allow scientists to better understand the human brain by studying the relatively simpler brains of mice. These methods allow scientists to alter genes, the instructions in DNA that control the behavior of cells - including the neurons that form brain circuits. By using genetic methods for mapping brain connections and controlling the activity of cells, scientists hope to generate detailed wiring diagrams of the brain and probe how these circuits function.

"While mice can not replace the work that is being done in monkeys, these research techniques are much further along in mice than in monkeys," Callaway says. "The ability to modify neural activity using genetic tools and to study the resulting changes in brain and nerve activity is revolutionizing neuroscience."

Although such genetic engineering techniques in mice offer huge potential, little was known about what areas of the mouse visual cortex - the high-level brain region that computes the meaning of signals from the eyes - were responsible for processing different elements of the visual information.

To remedy this, Callaway and his colleagues set out to chart a map of the mouse's visual processing system. They injected mice with a calcium-sensitive fluorescent dye that glows when exposed to a certain color of light. The amount of calcium in nerve cells varies depending on the activity level of the neurons, so the scientists could measure the activity of brain cells based on how brightly they glowed.

The scientists then displayed different types of visual stimulus on a television monitor and recorded what parts of the brain glowed. To make the recordings, they used a high-resolution camera capable of discerning the activity of individual nerve cells.

They found that a mouse's visual field, the area of three-dimensional space visible through its eyes, is represented by a corresponding collection of neurons in its brain. The researchers precisely recorded which neurons were associated with which area of the animal's visual field.

The scientists studied seven different areas of the animal's visual cortex containing full neuronal "maps" of the visible outside world, and found that each area has a specialized role in processing visual information. For instance, certain areas were more sensitive to the direction objects move in space, while other areas were focused on distinguishing fine detail.

With these maps of brain function in hand, the Salk researchers and others now have a baseline against which they can compare the brain function of mice in which circuit function is manipulated using genetic methods. Ultimately, Callaway says, understanding in detail how the mouse brain works will illuminate the workings of the human mind.

"This gives us new ways to explore the neural underpinnings of consciousness and to identify what goes wrong in neural circuits in the case of diseases such as schizophrenia and autism," Callaway said.

###

Salk Institute: http://www.salk.edu

Thanks to Salk Institute for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/116523/Scientists_map_the_frontiers_of_vision

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Sunday, January 8, 2012

Pack of Wolves Loose in Washington D.C.

The Intel Hub
R.F. Goggin
January 6, 2012

It would seem that our federally elected politicians in the U.S., have not been financially?afflicted, much?like the bulk of Americans since the economic downturn of 2008.

No big surprise there, perhaps, but let us average?citizens hopefully realize that if things keep going as they are, then these very same Washington D.C. officials will be those telling us all that we need to make sacrifices for the greater good of the country.

They will suggest such things as cutting food stamps for the poor, medical care for the elderly, etc., and likely seek to introduce a variety of new?austerity?measures, depending, of course, on how poorly our economy does in fact perform.

Figures from The New Center for Responsive Politics (a respectable, non-profit research group located on-line at?opensecrects.org) paint a revealing picture of just how well politicians are doing compared to just about everyone else in America.

One glaring example is that of Representative Ed Pastor (D. AR), who upon entering Congress In 1991 with somewhere around $100,000 in savings; being roughly about the same amount that he was indebted to banks or credit card companies, etc., has somehow since become just one more within the crowd of 250 millionaire members of Congress.

The divide between the financial security of our lawmakers in the nation?s capitol and the average American is reaching an epic and ridiculous disproportion.

Significant enough to make any reasonable citizen suspect that their federal representatives can?t possibly be interested in changing a status quo of which has been making so many of them so much money. In case it may come as news to some folks, 47% of people serving in Congress are millionaires or multi-millionaires. Suffice as to say, one is not going to bump into any Washington politicians trying to save a buck at Wal-mart anytime soon, unless perhaps they are Presidential candidates seeking votes.

How is it then, that Congress people prosper while in office? One way, according to the convicted former lobbyist and government insider, Jack Abramoff, is to trade stock with the foreknowledge of privileged information that will have some effect on the exchange market. Opportunities made possible, because the United States Congress for some unfair, inexcusable and ungodly reason ? is exempt from insider trading rules and regulations. Go figure?

Now, I don?t know much about lawmaking myself, but it would seem an enormous imperative to me that the very lawless situation that I speak of here, would be a really good place to enact a new?statutory or two,?to add to the 40,000 new laws which were passed upon the people of the U.S. during 2011.

?The more corrupt the state, the more numerous the laws.? ? Cornelius Tacitus (55-117 A.D.)

And Mr. Tacitus, one might imagine,?ought to have some idea how politicians tend to behave, having been one himself within the Roman Senate.

It?s not only stock trade or manipulation which might land a lawmaker a financial windfall; there are secretly privileged business deals to consider to boot.

Dennis Hastert (R. IL), the 59th Speaker of the House,?serving from 1999 to 2007, for example, earmarked funding for a federal highway project on land that he owned, which he later sold for $2 million.

I am obliged at this?point to?ask my?fellow countrymen,?if we have all just?figuratively?fallen off the turnip truck? And just how it is perfectly okay for a federal politician to make use of taxpayer money to build a highway on property they own and then subsequently sell off their?land for an outrageous profit, soon after?retail?blocks are established at the end of their exit ramp?

This, but sheer corruption of the public trust, I suspect (as I believe most Americans also might?at this point), simply has got to be running rampant in quiet corners of the halls of government in Washington D.C., ? what with all the lobbyists and/or hangers on milling about. Politicians, one would think it needless to say by now (thanks to our silly, over-zealous mainstream media types), are?celebrities as well.

For the record, Congressman Hastert has twice endorsed Mitt Romney for the Republican Presidential nomination. Is it Romneyland then, and the love of cold, hard cash, perhaps, that is where we are all heading? Not that I?m off on some?insignificant-seeming political bent on such matters, but I?ll tell you what, screw that.

Another former Speaker of the House, and the current occupant of that lofty office, have recently both been implicated in misuse of their public trust in the guise of well-timed business deals. Nancy Pelosi and John Boehner. Pelosi reportedly participated in eight IPO?s (initial public offering of stocks), which included companies with business before her reign in the House of Representatives. While Boehner, bought health care stocks, before killing off the public option of the so-called ?Obamacare? initiative during his tenure.

Seems it?s not a terribly new practice for a Washington politician to line their pockets in unethical ways. Former Senator Bob Dole ? bought between $30,000 and $100,000 worth of stock in Automatic Data Processing and AT&T, just four days before George H.W. Bush signed a bill of which included new military data processing rules that benefited such companies, the Defense Reauthorization Act.

Not to be outdone, I suppose, a current Republican Presidential contender, Newt Gingrich, bought Boeing stock prior to the company securing a lucrative contract, by helping to kill amendments to cut the International Space Station funding.

Does anyone see a pattern as yet which has taken shape with respect to the practice of personal enrichment which has in fact been going on in the?midst of our human race since time immemorial? Gingrich, Pelosi and the others whom I have?mentioned (and all those likewise guilty) can claim that they have done nothing illegal under the blessed and righteous shield of?capitalism?until they are blue in the face,?but that hardly makes?their?ill-gotten?gains acquired by manipulating our?system?of government ? acceptable?behavior.

There are more than a few Americans, who I suspect?are aware that what I am reporting has been printed elsewhere, and especially here on the Internet, but are you equally cognizant of the fact that if we all just sit by and condone or brush aside such selfish?endeavors?on the part of those elected to advance the welfare and interests of their constituents ? only, then for all intents and purposes, we are doomed as a republic and nation?

Who then is watching those of?whom?are so intent on watching us, I would ask the?average?American? Who will police the Congress of the United States if not the people they represent? Who will pass laws which will affect them??Certainly not the Commander and Chief, who needs their purse to operate a military, nor a Supreme Court, which lacks the teeth of enforcement??Surely, policing the most irresponsible institutional occupation ever conceived of, will eventually become necessary or required?

?Occupy? Wall St., or the like, it seems to me, simply has got to succeed in its objective to force a new structural change in America -?not just in the manner of how we operate as a societal institution, but also within the psyche of the human mind itself, and/or its conditioning. In the way that we conduct ourselves toward?one another. Competition among our species, will only take us so far before it turns back in upon us to our ultimate detriment.

Republican politicians will tell U.S. citizens that Democratic politicians force big business to go beyond our borders to operate, while, Democratic politicians will say that Republicans are just vassals of the rich and powerful. Yet the fact of the matter is that the desire for and accumulation of wealth itself, has outlived its usefulness on this Planet Earth, and our animal greed is a vicious tendency?that can only be controlled or tamed for a limited time, indeed, through social revolution.

This is not something new I am raising.?Our?species has endured such scenarios before. Just the same, I hardly claim in any capacity?to have the answer or alternative to a monetary-based?civilization?or society; an issue, likely?insolvable during my existence on this sphere, but I can?gladly?advise any soul reading my words here that there is no solution which will so much as begin, minus charity and/or compassion. And that there is little to no hope at all for humanity as a whole, without a serious virtue and pursuit of selflessness.

History, of course, does quite clearly tell every one of us homo-sapiens what is to inevitably take place, and even perhaps during the coming -?American Spring -?of the?notorious?and most fabled year of 2012. Our past reminds us, that corruption on a?governmental?scale, has not once to this date ever prevailed.

Apparently having addressed this type issue with equal or more?thoughtfulness?and confidence as I might, Thomas Jefferson, once said:

?Once the people become inattentive to the public affairs, you and I, and Congress and Assemblies, Judges and Governors, shall all become wolves. It seems to be the law of our general nature, in spite of individual exceptions.?

Well, ?wolves? gather as equally to protect one another, as they do to hunt prey.

Therefore, in addition to the generous regular salaries of Government officials listed below, let?s also take a look at what just some of our most dedicated citizen representatives are worth these days, shall we?


President: $400,000

Vice President: $230,700

House Speaker: $223,500

Senate President Pro Tempore: $193,400

House and Senate Majority and Minority leaders: $193,400

Senators and Representatives: $174,000

Supreme Court Chief Justice: $223,500

Associate Justices: $213,900

Federal Court of Appeals Judges: $184,500

Federal District Court Judges: $174,000

Estimated Net Worth Of The Top 10 Richest Federal Politicians:

Rep. Darrell Issa (R. CA): $451.1 million

Rep. Jane Harman (D. CA): $435.4 million

Rep. Vern Buchanan (R. FL): $366.2 million

Senator John Kerry (D. MA): $249.9 million

Rep. Jared Polis (D. CO): $285.1 million

Senator Mark Warner (D. VA): $283.1 million

Senator Herb Kohl (D. WI): $231.2 million

Rep. Michael McCaul (R. TX): $201.5 million

Senator Jay Rockefeller (D. W VA): $136.2 million

Senator Dianne Feinstein (D. CA): $108.1 million

http://www.thenewworldreporter.com

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Source: http://theintelhub.com/2012/01/06/a-pack-of-wolves-loose-in-washington-d-c/

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Saturday, January 7, 2012

NYT, Huffington Post settle parenting blog case (Reuters)

(Reuters) ? Goodbye, Parentlode.

New York Times Co, which has a parenting blog known as Motherlode, has agreed to settle a lawsuit against the Huffington Post after that website decided to change the name of its new Parentlode blog.

The settlement came two weeks after Lisa Belkin, who had overseen Motherlode and started Parentlode in October after joining AOL Inc's Huffington Post, said she would drop the Parentlode name and hold a contest for readers to pick a new one.

Eileen Murphy, a Times spokeswoman, said "we are in final settlement discussions with the Huffington Post." She called the name change "a victory for all creators of original intellectual property."

An AOL spokeswoman did not immediately respond to a request for comment. Terms of the agreement in principle were not disclosed. Both companies are based in New York.

The Times had accused Belkin of intentionally naming her new blog to confuse readers into believing it was the same "virtual koffee klatch" for parenting as her old blog.

It said it asked Huffington Post Editor in Chief Arianna Huffington to change the name of the new blog to "something more original," but that she declined.

In announcing the contest on December 22, Belkin said "we could keep fighting the suit, over a name that, frankly, we never really loved." But she said that would mean having to deal with lawyers and missing her mother's wedding in Arizona.

"Mom is not keen on that idea," she wrote.

The contest winner gets a trip to New York, a tour of the Huffington Post newsroom, and a one-year digital subscription to the Times.

Huffington Post said entries will be judged as follows: "Describes the Parental Nature of the blog: 50 percent; Makes Us Smile: 25 percent; Makes Us Say Eureka: 25 percent."

The case is The New York Times Co v. AOL Inc et al, U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York, No. 11-07921.

(Reporting by Jonathan Stempel in New York; Editing by Richard Chang)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/internet/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20120106/tc_nm/us_huffingtonpost_nytimes_blog

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An iPod Dock So Big It Needs to Roll Around Like a Suitcase [Audio]

You're planning some festivities you say? Not so much a party as a BASH? The dinky rechargeable battery dock in your room is not going to cut it. You need something so big and heavy it needs a retractable handle and wheels. More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/3P5Ri-1D_0Q/an-ipod-dock-so-big-it-needs-to-roll-around-like-a-suitcase

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Friday, January 6, 2012

'Chemo Cancer Angels' aiming to help Perry Co. cancer patients

PERRY CO, IN (WFIE)-

The community in Perry County is pulling together to support several kids there who are battling cancer.

Six-year-old Lydia Haycraft recently?gave herself a?new look and she likes it.? Lydia shaved her own head.?

She says it's easy to manage and means she gets to wear lots of cute hats.

Lydia is one of at least four children or teens in Perry County dealing with cancer.

A fifth has been dealing with another serious disease most of his life, but they are not alone.

People in Perry County have come together to make things easier for these kids and their families.

This Saturday, autographed colts items along with all kinds of other things will be auctioned off to benefit 17-year-old Perry Central junior Tyler Cundiff, who was diagnosed with leukemia in November.

Just two days ago, another effort popped up in the form of a new Facebook page called 'Chemo Cancer Angels.'

Beth Hauser is the creator.?

"Well I am a nine and a half?year cancer survivor and whenever I was going through chemotherapy I found a group called Chemo Angels and they made a point to make sure I got cards or letters or something like that in the mail all the time," Hauser said.

She is asking people to donate coloring books, cards and letters that can be sent to the kids.

"Kids love to get mail and you know, to get mail when you're?six or even 17 is special. They're going through trying times, so it's a special thing for them," says Hauser.

Lydia's mom Tiffany says support like this is what's been keeping them going while they've spent weeks in the hospital.

"We're a community, we have to stick together," Tiffany says.

With some help, Beth Hauser plans to make sure soon, Lydia and the others have a reason to head to the mailbox.

If you're interested in donating supplies or money for postage, head to the 'Chemo Cancer Angels' Facebook page.?

Copyright 2012 WFIE. All rights reserved.?

Source: http://spencer-perrycounty.14wfie.com/news/community-spirit/53767-chemo-cancer-angels-aiming-help-perry-co-cancer-patients

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Thursday, January 5, 2012

productreviews: Nexus tablet, iPad 3: Taking Kindle Fire seriously in 2012 http://t.co/XwZPLpKF via @productreviews #nexustablet #google #ipad3 #kindlefire

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