Friday, March 22, 2013

From the forums: Top Samsung Galaxy S4 threads

Galaxy S4

The dust has settled after last week's Samsung Galaxy S4 announcement event in New York, but there's still lots to discuss ahead of the phone's eventual launch. You'll find much of that discussion over at the Android Central forums. Here's a rundown of some of the top threads in our Galaxy S4 forum right now.

More: Samsung Galaxy S4 forum



Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/androidcentral/~3/I2r1jQjMrmg/story01.htm

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Thursday, March 21, 2013

Risk management in fish: How cichlids prevent their young from being eaten

Wednesday, March 20, 2013

The phenomenon of adoption has taxed the minds of evolutionary scientists since Darwin first came up with his account of natural selection. According to Richard Dawkins's description, adoption is "a double whammy. Not only do you reduce, or at least fail to increase, your own reproductive success, but you improve someone else's." So why are animals apparently so willing to take care of young that are not related to them?

Franziska Schaedelin and colleagues at the Konrad Lorenz Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna now shed interesting light on the problem. The researchers are investigating a small cichlid fish that lives in Lake Tanganyika in southern Africa. The species is monogamous and pairs construct nesting caves to protect their eggs and fry from predators. By diving 12 meters to the lake floor, the scientists were able to collect DNA samples from over 350 parents and fry from over 30 nests. Sophisticated genetic techniques were then applied to investigate the parentage of fry in individual nests.

Most nests were found to contain fry that were unrelated to both "parents", with some nests containing fry produced by several pairs of parents. Because the locations of the nests were known, the scientists were able to show that fry had been born in nests that were separated by less than one metre to over 40 metres from their adoptive nests. Although very small fry may be able to swim several metres to a new cave without being eaten, it is highly unlikely that they could travel much longer distances. Instead it is probable that they were carried to new nests in the mouths of their parents, a mode of transport that is known to occur in cichlids. Transporting the fry to fairly distant nests would ensure that some young are protected even if all the nests in the immediate neighbourhood are predated or destroyed, so it is easy to rationalize why parents should do this. But why should other fish be willing to adopt fry that are unrelated to them?

Schaedelin suggests that foster parents may accept unrelated fry as a way of diluting predation of their own offspring. If this is so, parents should adopt fry that are not larger than their own young, as smaller fry are known to be predated first. The researchers were indeed able to show that adopted fry were the same size as native fry within broods, although they were generally larger than fry that were not offered out for adoption. It seems that parents selectively allow unrelated fry to assimilate into their own broods while also delivering their fry for adoption by others.

Sharing the care of broods among different families thus represents a kind of insurance policy against the predation of a nest. Schaedelin summarizes the findings neatly: "in a species that is so highly predated, it must have been important to develop a strategy to ensure that at least some of the young survive. It seems that fish do this by not putting all their eggs (or young) in one basket."

###

The paper "Nonrandom brood mixing suggests adoption in a colonial cichlid" by Franziska C. Schaedelin, Wouter F.D. van Dongen and Richard H. Wagner is published in the current issue of the journal "Behavioral Ecology" (2013, 24(2):540-546). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ars195

University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna: http://www.vetmeduni.ac.at

Thanks to University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/127375/Risk_management_in_fish___How_cichlids_prevent_their_young_from_being_eaten

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New Study Highlights Physical Therapy [AUDIO]

Surgery
Cover ? Getty Images

ST. CLOUD ? A new medical study is shedding light on the the difference between surgery and physical therapy.

The study shows therapy can offer less health risks and a cheaper cost for a common knee injury than surgery.

Tom Jensen is the director of the Orthopedic Sports Center at St. Cloud Orthopedics. He says both options should be considered depending on symptoms.

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The location and size of the tear can determine if therapy or surgery is needed. Even a patient?s age can be a factor in the process.

A surgical procedure can be expensive, costing patients thousands of dollars. Jensen says therapy is a cost-savings option, but only if it is warranted.

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Jenson says surgeons will always look to nonsurgical options as much as they can.

The study notes that therapy did not always help and some patients wound up having surgery to fix the problem.

The medical survey is published online by the New England Journal of Medicine.

Source: http://wjon.com/new-survery-highlights-physical-therapy-audio/

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Italian president seeks way out of political stalemate

By James Mackenzie

ROME (Reuters) - Italian President Giorgio Napolitano began consultations with political leaders on Wednesday to try to find a way of forming a government after the deadlocked election last month which left no party with a majority in parliament.

Senate speaker Pietro Grasso said after meeting Napolitano the president was determined to reach an accord, saying there was "an absolute necessity to give the country a government".

Napolitano would take "all roads possible", he said.

Italy's political stalemate and the prospect of months of uncertainty has created alarm across Europe just as the standoff over bank deposits in Cyprus reawakened fears that the euro zone debt crisis could flare up again.

Center-left leader Pier Luigi Bersani, who won a majority in the lower house but not in the Senate, commands the largest bloc in parliament but cannot govern unless he has support from one of the other parties.

However, there has been no sign that an accord is possible with either former Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi's center-right alliance, the second biggest force in parliament, or the anti-establishment 5-Star Movement led by ex-comic Beppe Grillo, which holds the balance of power.

If no agreement can be struck between parties that are bitterly divided, Italy faces the prospect of a brief period under a caretaker government followed by a return to the polls, possibly as early as June.

Napolitano also meets minor parties, including Prime Minister Mario Monti's centrist group on Wednesday before the main meetings on Thursday when he sees representatives from the 5-Star Movement, Berlusconi's People of Freedom (PDL) party and Bersani's Democratic Party (PD).

Bersani, 61, received a small boost at the weekend when his candidates were elected the speakers of the two houses of parliament, despite the center left's lack of a majority in the upper house.

Both speakers announced late on Tuesday that they would take a 30 percent wage cut and urged other parliamentarians to do the same, a move that followed an example set by 5-Star members elected as local officials in Sicily last year who gave up most of their salaries and used the savings to fund small businesses.

LIMITED

Bersani is proposing to present a limited package of reforms aimed at fighting corruption and creating jobs that he hopes can be backed by the 5-Star Movement.

Given the fractious climate, the prospects of a minority government surviving more than a short time are slim but Bersani has little alternative.

"The PD is not changing our line, we'll go to the consultations with the proposals which were voted by the party leadership immediately after the election," he told reporters on Tuesday.

Italy, the euro zone's third-largest economy, can ill afford a prolonged political crisis after the turmoil which brought down Berlusconi's last government and dragged the single currency to the brink of disaster just 16 months ago.

Its economy is deep in recession, and unemployment is at record levels especially among the young. Its 2 trillion-euro ($2.6 trillion) public debt is dangerously vulnerable to bond market volatility and any sharp rise in interest rates.

However, far from prompting the parties to cooperate as they did when Monti's technocrat government took over from Berlusconi in 2011, the crisis appears to have deepened hostility.

Grillo, who has pledged not to give a vote of confidence to a government led by any other party, warned followers against falling into a "trap" after a handful of rebels voted with the center left in the election of the Senate speaker on Saturday.

Berlusconi, fighting a tax fraud conviction and facing trial for paying for sex with a minor, has demanded that the center right be allowed to name the next president when Napolitano's term ends on May 15, offering his support to a Bersani-led government in exchange.

That offer was rejected as "indecent" by the PD, prompting Berlusconi to pledge street protests if parliament appointed a center-left head of state.

A rally organized by the PDL, called "All for Silvio!" is already planned for Saturday to protest against what his supporters say is a political campaign by magistrates against the 76-year-old billionaire.

(Additional reporting by Naomi O'Leary; Editing by Angus MacSwan)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/italian-president-seeks-way-political-stalemate-104857384--business.html

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WSJ: Microsoft, unnamed business partners being investigated by US government over foreign bribery

WSJ Microsoft, unnamed business partners being investigated by US government over foreign bribery

Microsoft is under investigation by United States regulators over software bribery claims involving foreign government officials, the Wall Street Journal reports, citing "people familiar with the matter." The piece says both the US Justice Department and the Securities and Exchange Commission are looking into the Redmond, Washington-based software giant, investigating allegations of kickbacks in China, and its "relationship with certain resellers and consultants in Romania and Italy." Though neither the Justice Department nor the SEC would confirm the investigation, Microsoft told the WSJ, "We sometimes receive allegations about potential misconduct by employees or business partners. We cooperate fully in any government inquiries," without confirming the situation.

With regard to China, Microsoft's allegedly being investigated for kickbacks that its Chinese subsidiary is said to have paid for software contracts in the region. In Romania the situation is said to be similar to that in China, but in Italy it's said to involve customer loyalty plans.

Update: Microsoft further outlines its response to the allegations here (though still without confirming whether or not the investigations are taking place).

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Source: The Wall Street Journal

Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/b8_H25ntSUI/

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McLaren apologizes to Red Bull for software glitch

Red Bull Formula One drivers Mark Webber of Australia, front, and Sebastian Vettel of Germany wait on the grid before the start of the Australian F1 GP at the Albert Park circuit in Melbourne, Australia, Sunday, March 17, 2013. (AP Photo/Brandon Malone, Pool)

Red Bull Formula One drivers Mark Webber of Australia, front, and Sebastian Vettel of Germany wait on the grid before the start of the Australian F1 GP at the Albert Park circuit in Melbourne, Australia, Sunday, March 17, 2013. (AP Photo/Brandon Malone, Pool)

(AP) ? McLaren has apologized for a software-related issue on an engine control unit it supplies to Formula One teams and which contributed to Red Bull driver Mark Webber's poor start at the Australian Grand Prix.

McLaren said in a statement Wednesday that the "electronic units themselves ran without incident in Melbourne" but that a software glitch resulted in Webber's "garage data system having to be re-started during the formation lap."

McLaren acknowledged that it disrupted the Australian driver's "preparations for the start of the race, for which Mark and the team has our apology."

Webber started from second on the grid, but was swamped in the run to the first turn, dropped to seventh after one lap and finished in sixth place.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-03-20-CAR-F1-McLaren-Red-Bull-Apology/id-e0f3604106734cc6b238d576a054b400

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Wednesday, March 20, 2013

Universities sue grads over unpaid student loans

Americans owe roughly $1 trillion in student loans. Part of the unpaid debt is on federal Perkins loans offered to students on the basis of need. Now several leading universities are suing their former students to get some of that money back.

Yale, the University of Pennsylvania, and George Washington University all have sued graduates over failure to pay, according to court records. Penn filed two dozen cases last year alone, a 35 percent jump over the previous year.

College of the Ozarks, a?private, four-year Missouri college, is so concerned about the mounting debt of college graduates in the United States that it no longer will accept students who take out loans,?Reuters reports.

None of the schools would comment to TODAY, but George Washington University said it turns to litigation as a last resort.

That?s not any comfort to Aaron Graff, who graduated from the school in 2010. Last year, George Washington sued him for failing to repay a $4,000 federal Perkins loan for low-income students.

Graff said he already works two jobs to make payments of $600 a month on $60,000 worth of other student loans.

"I maybe have about 100 dollars spending money a week ? and spending money means gas, means food. I don?t go out to eat,? he said. "I guess I could get another job where I'm working 17, 18 hours a day."

Unlike most forms of debt, student loans cannot be forgiven, even by declaring bankruptcy, and that has contributed to a rising delinquency program. For the first time, overdue student loans have surpassed late credit card payments, prompting many schools to turn to the court system to reclaim their money.

However, Justin Draeger, president of the National?Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators, said, ?By and large, I think that most institutions are trying to work with their students.?

Graff said he hopes the problem opens a dialogue among educators and lenders.

?Let?s start to talk about why is college so expensive,? he said. ?What is it that we're getting for our money when we put our money into these institutions??

More:

Grandparents stepping up to help funds grandkids' education

As college costs rise, parents raid retirement savings

?

Source: http://lifeinc.today.com/_news/2013/03/19/17372483-universities-suing-graduates-over-unpaid-student-loans?lite

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CNN criticized for Steubenville coverage

Ma'lik Richmond cries in juvenile court. (AP/Pool)

CNN's coverage of the Steubenville, Ohio, rape verdict involving a pair of high-school football players is being criticized for its focus on the rapists rather than the 16-year-old victim.

"I've never experienced anything like it," CNN correspondent Poppy Harlow said live outside the juvenile court in Steubenville. "It was incredibly emotional?incredibly difficult even for an outsider like me to watch what happened as these two young men that had such promising futures, star football players, very good students, literally watched as they believe their life fell apart."

Harlow continued:

One of the young men, Ma'lik Richmond, when that sentence came down, he collapsed. He collapsed in the arms of his attorney, Walter Madison. He said to me, "My life is over. No one is going to want me now." Very serious crime here. Both found guilty of raping this 16-year-old girl at a series of parties back in August, alcohol-fueled parties. Alcohol is a huge part in this.

[Related: The reaction to the #Steubenville verdict on Twitter]

Both Richmond and Trent Mays, the other defendant, stood up and apologized to the victim and her family. Harlow described the scene to Candy Crowley.

"I was sitting about three feet from Ma'lik when he gave that statement. It was very difficult to watch," Harlow said. "This was an incredibly emotional day. These two juveniles being carried out and they will be committed today, Candy."

Crowley then discussed the case with CNN legal contributor Paul Callan.

"You know, Paul, a 16 year old now just sobbing in court, regardless of what big football players they are, still sound like 16 year olds," Crowley said. "The thing is, when you listen to it and you realize that they could stay until they're 21, they are going to get credit for time served. What's the lasting effect, though, on two young men being found guilty in juvenile court of rape, essentially?"

Callan's answer:

The most severe thing with these young men is being labeled as registered sex offenders. That label is now placed on them by Ohio law and, by the way, the laws in most other states now require such a designation in the face of such a serious crime. That will haunt them for the rest of their lives.

At the end of the segment, Crowley and Harlow discussed the victim.

CROWLEY: I want to bring Poppy back in?because, Poppy, there's?you know, the 16-year-old victim, her life, never the same, again. And I understand you have been talking to some of the families involved.

HARLOW: Her life never the same again. Absolutely, Candy. The last thing she wanted to do was sit on that stand and testify. She didn't want to bring these charges. She said it was up to her parents. But I want to tell our viewers about a statement that her mother just made, just made in the court after the sentencing. Her mother just said that she has pity on the two young boys that did this. She said human compassion is not taught by teachers or coaches. It's a God-given gift, saying that you displayed a lack of compassion, a lack of moral code, saying that you were your own accuser throughout this for posting about this all over social media. And she said she takes pity on them. As far as her daughter, she said she will persevere, she will get through this.

"One way to report on the outcome of a rape trial is to discuss the legal ramifications of the decision or the effect the proceedings may have on the life of the victim," Gawker's Mallory Ortberg wrote. "Another angle reporters can take is to publicly worry about the 'promising future' of the convicted rapists, now less promising as a direct result of their choice to rape someone. Reporters at CNN today chose the latter technique."

Harlow faced some of the sharpest criticism.

?Yes, networks are limited in how much footage they can show when it comes to the victim and her family, whereas they can show the boys? emotional breakdowns," Salon's Irin Carmon wrote in an email to Poynter.org. "But Harlow was narrating events and not limited to footage. Yes, these boys are young. But the seriousness of their crimes was utterly glossed over in favor of a sideshow about whether a father told his son he loved him. We rarely see such compassion evinced for young offenders when the crime isn?t rape, or when they lack the social status of football players.?

The criticism of CNN's coverage wasn't limited to tweets and blog posts. One viewer, Gabriel Garcia, launched a Change.org petition on Sunday demanding an on-air apology from the network:

That CNN decided to paint the tears of the convicted Steubenville rapists in a sympathetic light and say how their lives were ruined?while completely ignoring the fact that the rape victim's life is the one whose life was ruined by these rapists' actions?is disgusting and helps perpetuate a shameful culture in which young people never understand the concept of consent and in which rape victims are blamed and ostracized. Changing that culture must be done brick by brick, and it can start by heaping public shame on this major cable news network and forcing them to admit that they are wrong.

"I request that you apologize on-air, several times over the course of the next week, at the start of every hour, for your shameful coverage," Garcia wrote in a letter attached to the petition. "Start with Candy Crowley, Poppy Harlow and Paul Callan themselves issuing their apologies several times, then extend that to the rest of CNN's staff and Jeff Zucker himself. Admit that your coverage was extremely off base and tell us why it was off base. Use the content of this letter as a starting point if you need to."

The petition has accumulated more than 30,000 signatures.

Perhaps CNN was listening. On Monday, the network aired a segment that focused on the victim's struggle she faces as a survivor.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/lookout/cnn-steubenville-rape-poppy-harlow-144458279.html

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Tuesday, March 19, 2013

Adobe's quarterly profit falls on higher expenses

(Reuters) - Adobe Systems Inc, maker of Photoshop and Acrobat software, reported a 65 percent fall in quarterly profit, hurt mainly by higher expenses.

Net income fell to $65.1 million, or 13 cents per share, in the first quarter, from $185.2 million, or 37 cents per share, a year earlier.

Revenue fell 4 percent to $1 billion.

Expenses rose 16 percent to $753 million.

(Reporting by Chandni Doulatramani and Supantha Mukherjee in Bangalore; Editing by Sriraj Kalluvila)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/adobes-quarterly-profit-falls-higher-expenses-201218908--sector.html

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Digital Storm Bolt


The latest trend in gaming PCs isn't overclocked behemoths or limitless upgradeability. Instead, the move is toward smaller systems, packing high-grade PC gaming components into slim, small-form-factor (SFF) designs. Some of this shift is an attempt to appeal to gamers that cut their teeth on consoles, but it also serves the purpose of moving the gaming PC into the living-room, giving you a PC that can fit on the shelf next to your TV or sound system. The Digital Storm Bolt fits into this same trend, but manages to be an example of both the best and worst of these compact designs.

Design and Features
The Bolt is pretty sweet looking, with a sleek looking asymmetric design, and a compact case that measures 13.3 by 3.6 by 13.4 inches (HWD), sitting atop a stylized base. It's similar in many respects to the Falcon Northwest Tiki, but the base isn't a slab of marble. The narrow chassis is one of many in the SFF category, where designs range from the console-like Alienware X51 to the stovepipe-looks of the Editors' Choice Maingear Potenza Super Stock. Digital Storm also offers the choice of colors?either gunmetal black or pearl white. Our review unit came in white, but the "pearl" aspect is non-existent. It's just white.

Inside the white sheet metal enclosure are the components of a much larger system?a full-length Nvidia GeForce GTX 660 Ti graphics card (with 2GB of VRAM), and an Intel Core i7-3770K processor, and not one but two drives (a 120GB solid-state drive and a 500GB hard drive). The case is festooned with vents, but in order to manage the heat, you'll still get a loud burst of fan noise?it's loudest when booting up, but the fan noise won't go away completely.

The Bolt certainly has a cool looking design, but it's a clear example of form over function. The compact design leaves little to no room for upgrades, and opening the case is a nerve-wracking experience. Four thumb screws in back offer tool-free access, but sliding off the case housing is problematic, snagging loose cables and jutting screw heads. It's even worse putting the case back on, as the sides have to be carefully positioned in order to seat properly when closed, but doing so again catches on every wire and screw along the way.

Digital Storm brags that "Every component inside is upgradable," from the power supply to the GPU, but aside from perhaps bumping up the RAM, you'll quickly run into problems just fitting everything into the cramped confines of the 3.6-inch-wide chassis. Thanks to a graphics card that worked its way loose during shipping?it wasn't screwed into place?we had to spend a bit more time inside the case than normal, and it's safe to say that this system isn't built with upgrades in mind.

Despite its small stature, the Bolt is outfitted with a pretty good selection of ports and outputs. Most reside on the back of the machine, where you'll find two Gigabit Ethernet ports, four USB 2.0 ports, two USB 3.0 ports, a PS/2 port for joysticks and older mice, and coax antenna connectors. You'll also find multiple video outputs (HDMI, DVI, and DisplayPort), and inputs for video and audio (DVI, HDMI, audio line in, S/PDIF). The front of the compact tower features a slot-loading DVD multi-drive, while on the right are connections for headphones or speakers, a mic input, two USB 2.0 ports and two USB 3.0 ports.

As I've mentioned, the Bolt is equipped with two drives: a 120GB SSD for zippy performance, and a 500GB 7,200rpm drive for storage. Like most custom-built systems, the drive is unencumbered by any sort of bloatware. Only Windows 7 Home Premium is preinstalled, bundled with Windows Recovery Toolkit. Digital Storm covers the Bolt with a three-year limited warranty and lifetime tech support and customer care.

Performance
Digital Storm Bolt With the same 3.5GHz quad-core Intel i7-3770K processor found in the Editors' Choice Maingear Potenza Super Stock and an Nvidia GeForce GTX 660 Ti graphics processor, the Digital Storm Bolt has the chops for both work and play. In PCMark 7, the Bolt scored 5,937 points, beating out the Maingear Potenza (5,356 points), and blowing past the Core i5-equipped Alienware X51 (3,055 points), but behind the similarly equipped AVADirect Mini Gaming PC Core i5 Z77 (6,259 points). It also landed toward the back of the pack in Cinebench processor speed benchmark tests, most egregiously trounced by the Maingear Potenza (9.57 points).

Digital Storm Bolt

Regardless of the comparisons, these scores still indicate very good performance?the Bolt may not claim top honors among competing game systems, but it still has plenty of muscle for a small desktop. Multimedia tests confirm this: The Bolt finished Handbrake in a zippy 28 seconds, and cranked through our Photoshop CS6 test in 2 minutes 51 seconds.

Processing power is all well and good, but graphics processing is key for any gaming machine. Again, the Bolt has adequate performance for gaming, but it falls behind competing systems, scoring 11,997 points (Entry) and 2,636 points (Extreme). While it may not top the category, the Bolt is still more than capable as a gaming machine, with excellent frame rates even at 1080p resolution with high detail settings, producing 45 frames per second (fps) in Alien vs. Predator, and 73fps in Heaven.

All things considered, the Digital Storm Bolt proves itself to be a fairly good gaming system for the gamer who wants to enjoy the latest games, but doesn't want to mess with upgrades. System tweakers will be frustrated by the difficult-to-open case and cramped confines that discourage upgrading. Performance fanatics likely won't be looking too closely at SFF desktops to begin with, but if they do, they'll find better performance from competitors, like our Editors' Choice Maingear Potenza Super Stock.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/ziffdavis/pcmag/~3/bz1GzkgoOPA/0,2817,2416753,00.asp

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JustOneMinute: Give Me Your Poor, Your Tired... Well,Your Poot

David Leonhardt of the Times engages in some college level affirmative action fantasizing while presenting (but not actually reading) an interesting Hoxby-Avery study about talented poor kids:

Better Colleges Failing to Lure Talented Poor

By DAVID LEONHARDT

Most low-income students who have top test scores and grades do not even apply to the nation?s best colleges, according to a new analysis of every high school student who took the SAT in a recent year.

The pattern contributes to widening economic inequality and low levels of mobility in this country, economists say, because college graduates earn so much more on average than nongraduates do. Low-income students who excel in high school often do not graduate from the less selective colleges they attend.

Only 34 percent of high-achieving high school seniors in the bottom fourth of income distribution attended any one of the country?s 238 most selective colleges, according to the analysis, conducted by Caroline M. Hoxby of Stanford and Christopher Avery of Harvard, two longtime education researchers. Among top students in the highest income quartile, that figure was 78 percent.

The findings underscore that elite public and private colleges, despite a stated desire to recruit an economically diverse group of students, have largely failed to do so.

Mr. Leonhardt eventually succumbs to a popular progressive myth that "economic diversity" can serve as a proxy for racial diversity in the event the Supreme Court invalidates affirmative action:

Elite colleges may soon face more pressure to recruit poor and middle-class students, if the Supreme Court restricts race-based affirmative action. A ruling in the case, involving the University of Texas, is expected sometime before late June.

Colleges currently give little or no advantage in the admissions process to low-income students, compared with more affluent students of the same race, other research has found. A broad ruling against the University of Texas affirmative action program could cause colleges to take into account various socioeconomic measures, including income, neighborhood and family composition. Such a step would require an increase in these colleges? financial aid spending but would help them enroll significant numbers of minority students.

Huh? Bringing in more poor kids on a color blind basis won't be helpful, as the Times editors noted last fall - although there are proportionately more poor black kids, in absolute terms there are many more poor white kids. Of course, that doesn't mean that schools won't pretend to be pursuing economic diversity as a cover for racial preferences.

But there is a second problem, leading us to wonder whether Mr. Leonhardt even read his own article or the underlying study. From the article:

Among high-achieving, low-income students, 6 percent were black, 8 percent Latino, 15 percent Asian-American and 69 percent white, the study found.

That is the pool from which colleges will fish more "minority", i.e., non-Asian minority, students?

Delving into the study we also learn that high achieving blacks and Hispanics are more likely than high achieving whites to (a) live in urban areas with magnet schools, (b) end up applying to better colleges. From Mr. Leonhardt:

Top low-income students in the nation?s 15 largest metropolitan areas do often apply to selective colleges, according to the study, which was based on test scores, self-reported data, and census and other data for the high school class of 2008. But such students from smaller metropolitan areas ? like Bridgeport; Memphis; Sacramento; Toledo, Ohio; and Tulsa, Okla. ? and rural areas typically do not.

...

Ms. Hoxby and Mr. Avery, both economists, compared the current approach of colleges to looking under a streetlight for a lost key. The institutions continue to focus their recruiting efforts on a small subset of high schools in cities like Boston, New York and Los Angeles that have strong low-income students.

Top schools are having no trouble finding talented black kids from the NYC magnet schools; it is the bright light shining in rural Kentucy that is getting overlooked, and that light is more likely to be white. I am relying on Steve Sailer and his readers for this:

- For every low-income, high-performing white kid who applies to college like a smart kid, there are 11.7 who apply like poor kids.??
- For every low-income, high-performing black kid who applies to college like a smart kid, there are 3.7 who apply like poor kids.?
-?For every low-income, high-performing Hispanic kid who applies to college like a smart kid, there are 3.2 who apply like poor kids.??
- For every low-income, high-performing Asian kid who applies to college like a smart kid, there are 1.5 who apply like poor kids.??

So schools could do a better recruiting job with every racial group, but viewed on a color blind basis the white group is clearly under-recruited now.

STRAY THOUGHT: Per Sailer, the study looks at "poor" based on estimated income, without any reference to a parents educational atainment. Consequently, a divorced mom on child support with a college degree can be just as 'poor' as a working class mother from working class parents. That can lead to this sort of result:

Among high achievers, 51% have a parent with a graduate degree, while it looks like about 82% are children of bachelor degree holders.

I have a suspicion that this study, based on income, will be oversold as focusing on class. I am also struggling with this (Leonhardt):

The researchers defined high-achieving students as those very likely to gain admission to a selective college, which translated into roughly the top 4 percent nationwide. Students needed to have at least an A-minus average and a score in the top 10 percent among students who took the SAT or the ACT.

Of these high achievers, 34 percent came from families in the top fourth of earners, 27 percent from the second fourth, 22 percent from the third fourth and 17 percent from the bottom fourth. (The researchers based the income cutoffs on the population of families with a high school senior living at home, with $41,472 being the dividing line for the bottom quartile and $120,776 for the top.)

No regional cost of living or average salary adjustments? A person earning $40,000 per year with a college degree living in Kentucky is not "poor" they way a person with that income living in Manhattan would be.

?

Source: http://justoneminute.typepad.com/main/2013/03/give-me-your-poor-your-tired-wellyour-poot.html

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Streelman finally a PGA Tour winner

Kevin Streelman hits his tee shot on the 17th hole during the final round of the Tampa Bay Championship golf tournament, Sunday, March 17, 2013, in Palm Harbor, Fla. Streelman won the tournament. (AP Photo/Chris O'Meara)

Kevin Streelman hits his tee shot on the 17th hole during the final round of the Tampa Bay Championship golf tournament, Sunday, March 17, 2013, in Palm Harbor, Fla. Streelman won the tournament. (AP Photo/Chris O'Meara)

Kevin Streelman waves to the gallery after making a birdie putt on the 17th hole during the final round of the Tampa Bay Championship golf tournament, Sunday, March 17, 2013, in Palm Harbor, Fla. Streelman won the tournament. (AP Photo/Chris O'Meara)

Kevin Streelman pumps his fist after winning the Tampa Bay Championship golf tournament, Sunday, March 17, 2013, in Palm Harbor, Fla. (AP Photo/Chris O'Meara)

Kevin Streelman holds the trophy after winning the Tampa Bay Championship golf tournament, Sunday, March 17, 2013, in Palm Harbor, Fla. (AP Photo/Chris O'Meara)

Boo Weekley hits his tee shot on the 17th hole during the final round of the Tampa Bay Championship golf tournament, Sunday, March 17, 2013, in Palm Harbor, Fla. Weekley finished the tournament second. (AP Photo/Chris O'Meara)

(AP) ? The uphill climb to the 18th green at Innisbrook was nothing compared with the journey that brought Kevin Streelman his first PGA Tour victory.

He burned up three cars driving some 400,000 miles across the country playing the mini-tours. He used to clean clubs during the week and caddie on the weekends.

His biggest claim on tour was winning $1 million from a bonus competition called the Kodak Challenge. His last win was five years ago in the club championship at Whisper Rock.

Streelman won the Tampa Bay Championship on Sunday in his 153rd start on the PGA Tour.

The way he played this weekend on the tough Copperhead course ? particularly the back nine ? made it look as if he had done this many times before.

"Always had a dream of getting here," Streelman said. "And so to get this is the culmination of a lot of hard work and a lot of time spent late into the evening, and getting up early in the morning. And it's really a dream come true."

Streelman took the lead for good with a 5-iron into 6 feet on the par-3 13th, the toughest at Innisbrook on the final day, for a birdie.

"Probably the best shot of my life in that situation," Streelman said. "It's just how I envisioned it and I pulled it off."

He played with so much peace and precision that his target on the daunting tee shot at the 16th hole was a group of four trees. He aimed between the second and third tree. And he met his final challenge with a 20-foot birdie putt on the par-3 17th hole, leading to a 4-under 67.

Streelman didn't make a bogey over the last 37 holes. He didn't miss a shot the last 11 holes.

"Hopefully, we can do it again," Streelman said. "This is a lot of fun."

Boo Weekley, who teed off three hours before the leaders, had a tournament-best 63 and waited to see if that would be enough. He kept up hopes until Streelman made birdie on the 17th, and then ripped another tee shot down the middle on the 18th.

The victory sends Streelman, who finished at 10-under 274, to the Masters next month for the second time in his career.

Cameron Tringale had a 66 and finished alone in third when Leonard, who earlier made bogey from the bunker on the 16th, three-putted the final hole for a 71. Leonard wound up in a tie for fourth with defending champion Luke Donald (69) and Greg Chalmers (70).

The other big winner was Jordan Spieth, the 19-year-old from Texas who holed a 50-foot chip for birdie on the 17th hole and made a 7-foot par putt on the final hole for a 70 to tie for seventh.

That gave him enough money to earn special temporary membership on the PGA Tour for the rest of the year, meaning he can take unlimited sponsor exemptions.

Until making that chip, Spieth was projected to be $195 short of the temporary membership, which is based on earning the equivalent of 150th on the money list last year.

"That would have been brutal," he said with a grin. "But it's nice to get the crowd excited on 17. That was one of the coolest shots I've ever hit. That was as loud as it gets. Hair on the back of your neck stands up. But yeah, if I was $200, short, I would have just asked if I could pay them $200."

He now has earned $521,893 in three starts, the bulk of that coming from a runner-up finish in the Puerto Rico Open last week.

The 34-year-old Streelman had the 14th consecutive win by an American in official PGA Tour events, dating to Tommy Gainey at Sea Island last fall. Americans have won the first 12 events of the season, their best streak since winning 13 in a row in 1989.

All that mattered to Streelman was finally getting a win.

"Just keep chasing your dreams," Streelman said. "You never know what will happen."

Sixteen players were within three shots of the lead when the final round began, and anything could have happened. No one imagined a 63 at Innisbrook, and Weekley's round was so strong that it was 8.6 shots better than the field average.

"That will go down as one of the best rounds of the year," Pat Perez said in the parking lot, pleased with his own 67 and stunned someone could have a 63.

Weekley began his round by missing a 4-foot birdie putt, and he closed with such brilliance that he ran off three straight birdies on the back nine from inside 2 feet.

"It was impressive," Weekley said. "Even I'm still kind of shocked at how good I really hit it. The greens that I missed, I thought were going to be perfect. Overall, one of the best days I've had in ball striking in a long time."

Considering what was on the line, Streelman's performance might have been better, even if his score was only a 67. He had to play in the final group, knowing that he hasn't had a chance this good to finally win.

"That was really cool," Streelman said. "I just stayed really patient, and I had a peace about me today."

Leonard tied him for the lead on the 12th, where Streelman missed a short birdie. Every shot after that was right where Streelman was aiming, including the key shot on the 16th hole, when he hit driver with a baby cut that worked its way around the lake.

The birdie on the 17th kept some stress out of the final hole, and Streelman played that the way he had the other holes on the back nine.

"It definitely has not sunk in yet," Streelman said. "It's a total dream come true. Ten years ago, I was in a car driving to mini tours and the Hooters Tour and Gateway Tour and U.S. Pro Tour. And I've been very blessed, but I've worked very hard to get here, too. The game is getting harder and younger, and these kids are fearless out here. I've worked diligently, and I think smarter as of late, and fortunately it paid off."

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-03-17-GLF-Tampa-Bay/id-1f96a1eed34948778cd25666a5bda0fe

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Monday, March 18, 2013

Politicians clinch deal to regulate scandal-hungry press

LONDON (Reuters) - Britain's three main political parties struck a compromise deal on a new regulatory system for the country's newspapers in the early hours of Monday morning, a MP said, hours before what was to be a divisive parliamentary vote on the issue.

The government came under pressure to put a new regulatory system in place after a judge-led inquiry and a series of arrests laid bare a culture of phone hacking and malpractice in some parts of Britain's scandal-hungry press.

The deal is expected to see a new press regulator set up, the introduction of fines of up to 1 million pounds, and an obligation on newspapers to print prominent apologies where appropriate.

"I think we have got an agreement which protects the freedom of the press, that is incredibly important in a democracy, but also protects the rights of people not to have their lives turned upside down," Harriet Harman, the deputy leader of the opposition Labour party, told ITV TV.

Culture Secretary Maria Miller, a member of the ruling Conservative party, played down how much her party had been forced to compromise.

A deal spares Prime Minister David Cameron what was shaping up to be an embarrassing political defeat in parliament that would have deepened rifts in his coalition government and ends a long-running debate that has exposed close ties between politicians and the press.

Harman said the deal would be put to the lower house of parliament later on Monday, but that she hoped a vote could be avoided and that "everybody will be agreed".

The three parties got a deal after agreeing to enact legislation in the upper house of parliament to ensure the new system cannot be easily altered or watered down later.

The three parties had been divided over whether a new press regulator should be enshrined in law and over how its members would be chosen.

(Reporting By Andrew Osborn; Additional reporting by Maria Golovnina; Editing by Maria Golovnina)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/politicians-clinch-deal-regulate-scandal-hungry-press-090815863.html

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Toshiba Announces Availability of 19 nm NAND ... - Tom's Hardware

New series is SSDs is advertised as combining "high performance and efficiency for data-intensive, energy-sensitive applications".

Toshiba announced that its new family of THNSH Solid State Drives will be built on the company's 19 mm Multi-Level Cell (MLC) NAND technology and will include the world's smallest and highest density NAND flash drives. The drives will be available in capacities from 60 GB to 512 GB in both 2.5" and mSATA form factors and will include Toshiba's Quadruple Swing-By Code (QSBC) data protection and error correction technology.

According to the company, the THNSN series family "addresses the storage, performance and power efficiency demands of even the most data-intensive and energy-sensitive systems. The drives are ideal for high-end notebooks, tablets, PCs, all-in-one desktop computers and industrial PCs."

Model Number

THNSNHxxxGBST

THNSNHxxxGCST

THNSNHxxxGMCT

Form Factor

2.5-inch case

mSATA module

Storage Capacity (Formatted)

60 GB / 128 GB / 256 GB / 512 GB

60 GB / 128 GB / 256 GB / 512 GB

60 GB / 128 GB / 256 GB

NAND Technology

19 mm MLC NAND

Transfer Rate to Host

534 MB/s (510 MiB/s)

Data Transfer Rate

Max Sequential Write

512 GB / 256 GB

482 MB/s (460 MiB/s)

512 GB / 256 GB

482 MB/s (460 MiB/s)

256 GB / 128 GB

471 MB/s (450 MiB/s)

128 GB

471 MB/s (450 MiB/s)

128 GB:

471 MB/s (450 MiB/s)

60 GB:

450 MB/s (430 MiB/s)

60 GB:

450 MB/s (430 MiB/s)

60 GB

450 MB/s (430 MiB/s)

MTTF

1.5M hours

External Dimensions (WxDxH)

69.85 mm x 100.0 mm x 9.5 mm

69.85 mm x 100.0 mm x 7.0 mm

30.0 mm x 50.95 mm x 3.95 mm

Maximum Weight

51 g (60 GB / 128 GB)

55 g (256 GB / 512 GB)

49 g (60 GB / 128 GB)

53 g (256 GB / 512 GB)

7.5 g (60 GB / 128 GB)

7.8 g (256 GB)

The drives are currently "readily available" across Europe. More information is accessible at Toshiba Storage's website.

?

Contact Us for News Tips, Corrections and Feedback

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Source: http://www.tomshardware.com/news/MLC-NAND-mSATA-19nm,21500.html

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Sunday, March 17, 2013

Apple's Forward Stance

Screen Shot 2013-03-17 at 10.48.21 AMApple doesn't need a miracle, but clearly the marketing department thinks the company needs to step things up. To wit: Apple's latest iPhone web page which touts "There's iPhone. And then there's everything else." It's a brassy, ballsy statement worthy of Steve Jobs himself and it seems to show an Apple undaunted yet clearly aware that it can't just say nothing about the competition.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/OCxW3fdzshM/

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Special education advisory committee meets Monday at PUSD HQ ...

Special 3-19-13 - Joint Meeting PUSD-ATC

Announcing the March Pasadena Unified School District/SELPA Special Education Dept. Community Advisory Committee general meeting at the PUSD Education Center.

Topic: LET?S DISCUSS OUR LOCAL PLAN-PART II.

We continue our discussion of the Special Education Local Plan, as part of this year?s formal review and revision process

Questions and comments can be sent to:joycac1@gmail.com

Please note the new venue and that the venue will periodically change.

When: Monday March 18, 6.15 - 8.30PM

Where: Elbie J. Hickambottom Board Room, PUSD Education Center Room #236, 351 South Hudson Avenue, Pasadena

Free childcare and translation.

More details are available at: http://cac.pasadenausd.org

Source: http://www.altadenablog.com/2013/03/special-education-advisory-committee-meets-monday-at-pusd-hq.html

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Saturday, March 16, 2013

Check out the world's most expensive real estate markets | Firstpost

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In Monaco, with luxury properties costing between US$57,600-63,700 per square metre during the fourth quarter of 2012, it is at least double of the other cities on the list except three.

Global consultancy firm Knight Frank has just released its new Wealth Report, listing the top 20 most expensive luxury real estate markets in the world. It once again shines the spotlight on how far property prices have fallen in the US, Spain and Portugal.

While the most expensive of luxury property can be found in the tiny tax haven of Monaco, Mumbai slides into the global ranking at number 16 as demand is rising fast, and the supply of luxury homes remains limited.

However, what?s surprising is that even though the US is still the number two realty powerhouse in the world, properties in Monaco, Hong Kong, London, Geneva, Paris, Singapore, and Moscow are more expensive than New York.

Knight Frank said the demand for luxury property was returning following the global financial crisis and a desire to invest in locations considered to be safe havens.

Source:KnightFrank

Source:KnightFrank

In Monaco, with luxury properties costing between US$57,600-63,700 per square metre during the fourth quarter of 2012, it is at least? double? of the other cities on the list except three.

While real estate prices in the tiny country are consistently high, Monaco saw a bump this year as buyers shied away from French hotspots in a reaction to President Hollande?s wealth tax proposals, the Knight Frank report said.

And Monaco, which does not charge a personal income tax, was particularly popular with Russian buyers over French markets.

?Monaco, land-constrained, has always been the home of the super rich,? said Liam Bailey, head of residential research at Knight Frank. ?All the Chinese money is going to Hong Kong. It?s still the financial capital of Asia. As for London, it?s the most attractive investment for all of Europe.?

Dubai too has recovered some of its popularity with Russians, but competition from buyers from North Africa, Pakistan, India and Iran has been an important factor in helping to drive prices higher this year, the report said.? Meanwhile, the Russians and Chinese are the main force behind this spurt in property investment.

?The real real estate story in 2012 was the rise of demand from China and Russia as they sought to buy over more than four to five properties in different key markets,? ?Nicholas Holt,? Director Research, Asia Pacific, Knight Frank told Firstpost.

Buyers from China and Hong Kong vied with Brazilians for second place as the largest foreign group looking to invest in the US after the Canadians.

Key Chinese cities such as Guangzhou and Shanghai have also seen a marked increase in property prices with Hong Kong real estate rising by 8.7 percent following an influx of wealth from mainland China.

Not on the list, but meriting a mention, is the luxury market in Indonesia, where luxury home prices rose faster than any other nation ? by more than 38 percent in the capital Jakarta, and 20 percent in the island paradise that is Bali.

Another interesting point was how the wealthy are? prepared to move their money out of cities that charged higher levies and had less transparency. A significant proportion ? including 61 percent in the Middle East ? were considering, even temporarily, changing their country of residence to avoid higher property fees, the Knight Frank survey found.

?

Source: http://www.firstpost.com/real-estate/check-out-the-worlds-most-expensive-real-estate-markets-663686.html

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Red Bull Editions Lightning Review: Sweet Energy Drink, Dude!

Red Bull has always tasted suspiciously like found bubble gum—whatever, you don't drink it for the taste, you drink it for the pulse-racing amounts of caffeine and B-Vitamins stored in each can. Until now, that is. Red Bull's just rolled out three new flavor editions of its energy drink and we've got to warn you, they're delicious. At least, compared to what you're used to. More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/FwWX4htEbEs/red-bull-editions-lightning-review-sweet-energy-drink-dude

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EXCLUSIVE CLIP! Go Inside Rehearsal with 'The Sapphires'

The new film The Sapphires tells the tale of four Australian Aboriginal girls (Deborah Mailman, Jessica Mauboy, Shari Sebbens, Miranda Tapsell) who are discovered by a talent agent (Chris O'Dowd) and become a hot music group in the 1960s.

Source: http://www.ivillage.com/sapphires-exclusive-clip-chris-odowd/1-a-527894?dst=iv%3AiVillage%3Asapphires-exclusive-clip-chris-odowd-527894

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Friday, March 15, 2013

NASA's first laser communication system integrated, ready for launch

NASA's first laser communication system integrated, ready for launch [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 14-Mar-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Dewayne Washington
Dewayne.a.washington@nasa.gov
301-286-0040
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

A new NASA-developed, laser-based space communication system will enable higher rates of satellite communications similar in capability to high-speed fiber optic networks on Earth.

The space terminal for the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration (LLCD), NASA's first high-data-rate laser communication system, was recently integrated onto the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) spacecraft at NASA's Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. LLCD will demonstrate laser communications from lunar orbit to Earth at six times the rate of the best modern-day advanced radio communication systems.

"The successful testing and integration of LLCD to LADEE is a major accomplishment," said Donald Cornwell, LLCD mission manager at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. "It demonstrates that this new technology is robust and ready for space. This is the first time NASA has had such a communication system pass all its tests and be certified flight ready."

The LLCD mission will use a highly reliable infrared laser, similar to those used to bring high-speed data over fiber optic cables into our workplaces and homes. Data, sent in the form of hundreds of millions of short pulses of light every second, will be sent by the LADEE spacecraft to any one of three ground telescopes in New Mexico, California and Spain.

The real challenge of LLCD will be to point its very narrow laser beam accurately to ground stations across a distance of approximately 238,900 miles while moving. Failure to do so would cause a dropped signal or loss of communication.

"This pointing challenge is the equivalent of a golfer hitting a 'hole-in-one' from a distance of almost five miles," said Cornwell. "Developers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's (MIT) Lincoln Laboratory have designed a sophisticated system to cancel out the slightest spacecraft vibrations. This is in addition to dealing with other challenges of pointing and tracking the system from such a distance. We are excited about these advancements."

The LLCD mission will also serve as a pathfinder for the 2017 launch of NASA's Laser Communication Relay Demonstration (LCRD). That mission will demonstrate the long-term viability of laser communication from a geostationary relay satellite to Earth. In a geostationary orbit the spacecraft orbits at the same speed as Earth, which allows it to maintain the same position in the sky.

Engineers believe that future space missions will be able to use laser communication technology with its low mass and power requirements, to provide increased data quantity for real-time communication and 3-D high-definition video. For example, using S-band communications aboard the LADEE spacecraft would take 639 hours to download an average-length HD movie. Using LLCD technology that time would be reduced to less than eight minutes.

Prior to shipment from MIT, the LLCD spaceflight hardware was subjected to a rigorous set of flight test simulations such as the strong vibrations expected from a Minotaur V rocket, the launch vehicle for the LADEE mission. The LLCD hardware also had to withstand simulated extreme temperatures and other conditions it will experience within the harsh environment of space. Throughout this stringent battery of tests, LLCD maintained its critical alignment and stable pointing accuracy.

Flight and ground station hardware for LLCD was designed and built at Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington, Mass. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., and the European Space Agency are developing the ground stations in California and Spain, respectively.

"This is an exciting time for space communications," said Cornwell. "We are about to make a leap in communications ability that is unmatched in NASA's history."

###

The LLCD mission management team resides at Goddard under the sponsorship of the Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) Program at NASA Headquarters in Washington. The LADEE mission is managed by Ames under the sponsorship of NASA's Planetary Science Division within the Science Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters.

NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington funds LADEE, a cooperative effort led by Ames, which is responsible for managing the mission, building the spacecraft and performing mission operations. In addition to managing the LLCD payload, Goddard is responsible for managing the science instruments and the science operations center. NASA Wallops Flight Facility has the responsibility for launch vehicle integration, launch services and launch range operations. NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala., manages LADEE within the Lunar Quest Program Office.

The LADEE mission, on which LLCD is a hosted payload, is scheduled to launch in August 2013.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


NASA's first laser communication system integrated, ready for launch [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 14-Mar-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Dewayne Washington
Dewayne.a.washington@nasa.gov
301-286-0040
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

A new NASA-developed, laser-based space communication system will enable higher rates of satellite communications similar in capability to high-speed fiber optic networks on Earth.

The space terminal for the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration (LLCD), NASA's first high-data-rate laser communication system, was recently integrated onto the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) spacecraft at NASA's Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. LLCD will demonstrate laser communications from lunar orbit to Earth at six times the rate of the best modern-day advanced radio communication systems.

"The successful testing and integration of LLCD to LADEE is a major accomplishment," said Donald Cornwell, LLCD mission manager at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. "It demonstrates that this new technology is robust and ready for space. This is the first time NASA has had such a communication system pass all its tests and be certified flight ready."

The LLCD mission will use a highly reliable infrared laser, similar to those used to bring high-speed data over fiber optic cables into our workplaces and homes. Data, sent in the form of hundreds of millions of short pulses of light every second, will be sent by the LADEE spacecraft to any one of three ground telescopes in New Mexico, California and Spain.

The real challenge of LLCD will be to point its very narrow laser beam accurately to ground stations across a distance of approximately 238,900 miles while moving. Failure to do so would cause a dropped signal or loss of communication.

"This pointing challenge is the equivalent of a golfer hitting a 'hole-in-one' from a distance of almost five miles," said Cornwell. "Developers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's (MIT) Lincoln Laboratory have designed a sophisticated system to cancel out the slightest spacecraft vibrations. This is in addition to dealing with other challenges of pointing and tracking the system from such a distance. We are excited about these advancements."

The LLCD mission will also serve as a pathfinder for the 2017 launch of NASA's Laser Communication Relay Demonstration (LCRD). That mission will demonstrate the long-term viability of laser communication from a geostationary relay satellite to Earth. In a geostationary orbit the spacecraft orbits at the same speed as Earth, which allows it to maintain the same position in the sky.

Engineers believe that future space missions will be able to use laser communication technology with its low mass and power requirements, to provide increased data quantity for real-time communication and 3-D high-definition video. For example, using S-band communications aboard the LADEE spacecraft would take 639 hours to download an average-length HD movie. Using LLCD technology that time would be reduced to less than eight minutes.

Prior to shipment from MIT, the LLCD spaceflight hardware was subjected to a rigorous set of flight test simulations such as the strong vibrations expected from a Minotaur V rocket, the launch vehicle for the LADEE mission. The LLCD hardware also had to withstand simulated extreme temperatures and other conditions it will experience within the harsh environment of space. Throughout this stringent battery of tests, LLCD maintained its critical alignment and stable pointing accuracy.

Flight and ground station hardware for LLCD was designed and built at Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington, Mass. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., and the European Space Agency are developing the ground stations in California and Spain, respectively.

"This is an exciting time for space communications," said Cornwell. "We are about to make a leap in communications ability that is unmatched in NASA's history."

###

The LLCD mission management team resides at Goddard under the sponsorship of the Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) Program at NASA Headquarters in Washington. The LADEE mission is managed by Ames under the sponsorship of NASA's Planetary Science Division within the Science Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters.

NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington funds LADEE, a cooperative effort led by Ames, which is responsible for managing the mission, building the spacecraft and performing mission operations. In addition to managing the LLCD payload, Goddard is responsible for managing the science instruments and the science operations center. NASA Wallops Flight Facility has the responsibility for launch vehicle integration, launch services and launch range operations. NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala., manages LADEE within the Lunar Quest Program Office.

The LADEE mission, on which LLCD is a hosted payload, is scheduled to launch in August 2013.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-03/nsfc-nfl031413.php

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